Fisher Price Little People Farm

WHO IS TRIBAL?

The word "tribal" or affable Adivasi to our spirit a picture of men and the nude half women, with the arrows and the javelins in their hands, their feathers in their heads, and speak a language inintelligible, their lives combined often with the myths of savagery and of cannibalism. Nevertheless, any person having visited a tribal town will be astonished and will be fascinated to see that a community lives close to nature, peace likes, equitable and with the cultural/social advanced forms. Our knowledge of the tribal one is very limited, we taking to believe a lot of myths to the cost of their dignity. Even when the majority of the communities in the world kept to change their life method, competed itself of the and the materialist instincts developed to go to the same pace that the "progress" world, there were communities always live in the line with their traditional values, their customs and their convictions. The manner to think exploiting of the corporation of principal current did these communities to back up often in the mountains of forests and high altitude, where they could continue to live in the peace with Nature and their non polluted vicinity. As the so-called civilized communities of the corporation of principal current could or understand the values and the ideals of these communities did or have the patience to understand their life methods, the world of principal current variously marked them as as the natal and inhuman people the Natives, Adivasis, the Tribal and Native people etc. In India, we refer them especially as Adivasis/Girijans. Despite the treatment pitiless by the men "civilized" and the economical social perils does facing by these communities everywhere in the world, the tribal one to continue to live in the continents of Africa, Asia, the North and South America and Australia.

The Imperial geographic index of India, 1911, defines a tribe as a "the family collection that carry a common name, speaking a common dialect, occupying or declare to occupy a common territory and is not any ordinary endogamous although at first this could have been

If". Another definition of a tribe by D.N. Majumdar is that "a tribe is a collection of families or the family group that carry a common name, a members of which occupies the same territory, speak the same language and observe certain taboos as for the marriage,

the profession or the occupation and developed a well taxed system of reciprocity and

Duty mutuality".

Can the rural tribes manage their economy? Can the conscious rural tribes of arrangements?

These are questions that engaged the people attention that tries to conceive the products of microfinance for the tribes. In the past that the tribes always were addressed side of provision by "the finance schedmatique", now we attained a step where we need the patience to understand the financial statute, the financial flows, the economies and their attributes from the viewpoint of the security, the relation of liquidity and risks return favorite by the rural tribes. It is known that not only the good done, but also the tribes have models in income and the expenditure and evolved products that take care of these tops and these down in the financial flows. The objective of the study was to understand that the financial flows of the rural tribes for that a better conception of products of economies and loan in the sector of microfinance can be had the intention to fill the gaps between the floods and the gone out, the intermediary ones of poor needs in the form of an institutions that the assistance manages the flows. In all

The more all the towns than the private lender executes this gap that fills the function. The debate between the lenders of private money and the tribes is the common problems in the local economy.

. The lender furnishes the access to credit, and there are arguments that the picture of the lender uselessly is tarnished in the literature (Chamala and Sharma, 2003) there are opposed arguments on if this adjusts with the development intervention to be undertaken [Chavan 2003]. There are arguments that because of traditional relations of confidence, this is almost impossible to replace the lender, but possible to redefine relation while furnishing an atmosphere for the definite competition [Sriram 2002]. There the researchers set up themselves on the poor generals but this paper has concentrated on the poor tribes.

It is important to understand the roles of each of the players that furnish the finance for the tribes and how they manage argent.le the most ordinarily measures it used poverty is based on income or the consumption levels. The people are considered BPL if their consumption

Or the falls of level of come back to the under of a necessary minimum to reply to the basic needs of the and the needs. This level is as defined the "the poverty line". This definition differs place to place and to time to time.. Each country uses a definition appropriates itself at the level of development, the norms and the social values In our country, Planning the Commission estimates the proportion and the number of poor ones separately for the rural and urban sectors the national and state level base on the recommendations of members. of committee. The committee members had defined the poverty line as the cost of a very India basket average consumer to which the calorie norms are met [GoI 2002]. The norms were 2,400 calories by person by the day

For the rural sectors and 2,100 calories for the urban sectors. These calorie norms were expressed in the monetary terms as Rs 49.09 and Rs 56.64 by person by the months for the rural and urban sectors respectively to 1973-74 prices. These faces were updated again with the price index to the consumption (CPI) in 1994-95. The numbers updated are Rs 228 and Rs 305 by person by the months, for the rural and urban sectors respectively [Pradhan and Subramanian 2001; G1993).

India has the biggest concentration of tribal population in the world. The tribal one is the children of nature and their life method are conditioned by the ecosystem. The India because of its various ecosystems has a big variety of tribal population. The tribe people constitute 8.14% of the total population of the country, million number 84.51 (2001 Census). There are 697 tribes notified by the Central Government under Item 342 of the Constitution indian with the certain tribes are notified in more than a State. More than the half the population of Planned Tribe is concentrated in the States of Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Jharkhand and Gujarat while in Haryana, Pendjab, Delhi, Pondicherry and Chandigarh that no community was notified as a Planned Tribe.

As by 2001 census there were 3.21 lakhs A Planned Tribes in Kerala Declare that The Tribal population in the State of Kerala is 2 the total population in the State. Alphabetizing

The statute of STS was 1991 as against the rate of general alphabetizing of. Major

The portion of the STS is seen in the neighborhoods Wayanad, Idukky and Palakkad. Poverty

The proportion of the families of ST estimated as the 998 31..03..1 was. This was

By the Investigation of the state in 1992. Almost the tribal families live in the forest

Sectors. There are 35 tribal communities in the State. Among them Paniyar (is necessary to form the majority. The communities of Paniya and Adiya in the Neighborhood of Wayanad are very

Behind and most of them the agricultural workers without earth. There is 5 tribal Primitive one

The groups (PTGs) to knowledge., Kattunaikan, Cholanaikan, Koragas, Kadar and Kurumbas. These

398 Groups are the communities more vulnerable among the tribal one and are all to the under Line of poverty. They constitute the total tribal population in the State. As by the directed investigation in 1996-97 the population of PTGs was 16678 to consist in 4406 families. . They belong to 35 distinct communities including the primitive tribal groups as Cholanaikan, Kattunaikans, Kurumbas, Kadars and Koragas. They constitute almost 4.8% of the Planned population of Tribe. There are 69,444 households of ST in the State while in 1981 it is only 52,421. The present number of households of ST around is estimated of 84,000. The Planned Tribe Population even more unequally is distributed in the Neighborhoods. Among the Neighborhoods Wayanad has the highest tribal Population almost the Tribal Population. Idukky and Palakkad represent another. Representation more low of tribal population is in the Neighborhood of Alappuzha

This paper tries to understand and to do the card of the financial flows of the tribes and how do they manage their available money to them? The paper is organized in five sections. Divide II looks at the literature. Divide III has the geographic parameter, the methodology, the sample size, the conception and the administration of the questionnaire. Section IV contains conclusions of the study. We conclude with V of Section ae" discussing the problems that need to be addressed at a bigger ladder and also how this study can be taken forward, while identifying the limitations of the current study.

Reviewed of literature

The Governments and the Financial intermediary ones play a role key to climb back up the tribes in our state of pays.le intervened in this segment to address the problems

Of injustice of the time to time. It created not only institutional mechanisms, but had also aimed arrangements that help the tribes to eliminate their poverty and economical upliftment. Nevertheless, most of the efforts were provision drive and looked at the credit and not the needs of economies of the poor ones. The institutions of microfinance (MFIs) has

Financial statute of Tribes AN Etude in the Neighborhood of Wayanad

A study of town level directed in the neighborhood of Wayanad of Kerala attempted to do the card of the financial statute of the tribes and the funds flows indicated that the good economies gednedrales it profile of income of the tribes did not alarm. Nevertheless, most of the goods and the economies are liquidate, forcing the poor ones to borrow from the high cost. The study reveals the failure of financial institutions to penetrate the market of economies and loan. It reconfirme also of the preceding conclusions as the expenditures of related health are one of the major causes of debt among the tribes

The financial services always now reliable are not widely available for the credit offering by MFIs is pigeonholed in the type of "grameen" with the small flexibility and the mutual aid group

Type with more of flexibility, concluded by (Smita Parhi and Sriram of S OF M 2006) and they addressed the problems of products of loan of available financial flux.le in the definite sector do not address the needs of the pauvres.donc, there always is a gap in the needs of the poor and the offerings [the Fisherman and Sriram 2002]. They need the money in the piles and find the manners

To meet such conditions are a challenge. The economies are nothing but the choice of not consuming one of the types. This is a basic principle and a first inevitable step in the money direction. We should look at problems that retrieve to the economies and the credit together, understand

The needs of the poor ones [Rutherford 2002]. there are some recent studies that set up on the financial flows of the poor ones. The microsave-afrique did a study collection to

Furnish of the truss to financial tools for the bankers and of others. These studies recognize the growing interest in to introduce products of economies in MFIs. The MicroSave and the consultative group to help the poor ones (CGAP) collaborated to study the dynamics of institutional one

Change in the transformation of an institution of microcredit to a MFI [Wright, Baptize and Martin 2000]. They studied Association for the Social Advancement (ASA), that is an important model for the institutions of microcredit having the intention to introduce economies products. l' ASA was a functioning of institution of microcredit only on the delivery of credit and the restoration system base on the methodology of grameen. Rutherford (2000) disputes itself that the better manner to the product of designer is to ask the people of their own preferences, because they are the better judges.

. Ruthven and Kumar (2002) disputes itself that the success of the lenders, the deposit collectors, the lenders that attain people where of others fail, is in to furnish amounts instantly, with no security and no devices of economies so uniform on a basis sufficiently to small ladder. There are a lot of turns that the definite institutions need to learn simple players if they want to widen their basis of customer to attain the poor ones. On the economies, Wright (1999) disputes itself that in a lot of examples that the poor ones have "the preference of illiquidity" that is one

The engaged mechanisms of economies that the prohibition to withdraw in response to the insignificant needs and their permit to escape from the ask of their parents for the loans or assistance. It also was found as the poor ones give the importance to the security and to liquidity

The aspect of economies and does not look for significant retours.Rutherford (2002) did one a year study that uses financial newspapers to understand the financial flows of 42 returned bottoms bengladeshi families. The study revealed that better managed MFIs was considered "reliable" among the definite suppliers of financial and simple service associated factors with become poor were completely different of the associated factors

With to escape from poverty. Therefore, the programs of the necessary state to obtain a fitting home [Krishna 2003]. A study in, 12 towns of Rajasthan found that the diversification of sources of income; the irrigation and the news on the various occasions were the factors keys in to overcome the poverty trap. The social factors that the pull in the poverty trap were especially not in their check. Even the programs of aimed state

To the poverty reduction were incapable to neutralize the negative effects of these social factors. A lot of assistance of time of the state was incapable to flow down below to the people. Nevertheless, Krishna (2003) disputed itself that the support of the state by the poverty reduction

Arrangements had a positive effect in to do more bearable poverty. A similar study in Gujarat showed a different picture. The being of economically solid Gujarat and more industrialized, it was foreseen reduction has priori that of poverty does Rajasthan [Krishna and Al 2003]. The authors disputed themselves that belongs to poverty is not just the opposite to escape from poverty but more than that. It is evident that there is the considerable interest among the learned one in to examine the financial flows of the poor ones. Our study is different of what we reconsidered. It sets up himself on the recognized regions, as behind. The objective of our study is doubles.

1 to understand the financial flow of tribes by the empirical analysis.

2 Students the habits of economy and credit behaviours.

Methodology

A questionnaire was conceived to capture data on the various parameters. The conception guaranteed that we use significant events in the last decade as the time boundaries to muster financial data on how these events were managed. We had also the purchase of well and the sale as additional

Limit. These helped us in to associate the financial flows ae" the economies, the loans (definite and simple) with the tops and the down of a family, and in trianguler given them debt.

Try the selection: the choice of the sector and the town: This study has his home on the defined families as tribal. All the families under the "to the under line of poverty (BPL)" the category belonged to our home population. This is not our intention to debate the methodology adopted by the state in to define the tribal one. As the idea of the study is to look at how tribal managetheir the financial flows This is based on the assumption that the conclusions would be used

For the financial products in the process of development that would be offered to a continuum of customers of the very poor one towards the top. The artificial border of a line of poverty is only serviable in to draw the sample. While we wanted to base the study in certain of the neighborhoods the most behind in India, the choice of Wayanad was done purposively. The selection of wayanad was driven not only by his general delay, but also the geographic funds.

Wayanad formed the 1st November 1980 as the 12E neighborhood and the neighborhood the most behind in Kerala, this is 3.79% urbanized. The position of neighborhood of Wayanad first in the case of population of adivasi (about 36%) among the other neighborhood in the state.

The questionnaire conception: To collect data of household, a detailed questionnaire was conceived, with a view to capture financial flows of families on a long horizon of time. The disgusting data were the demographic profile and of well of a household. The given others around were constructed of this to obtain the financial history of the household. We collected details of income, the debt and the economies. We looked for data of the local persons of resource to include several questions in the specific lists of verification to the geographic region.

We collected the news on the income flows, the agricultural earth, the physical goods, saving habits, lend transactions and the details of the events that arrived in the family in the last one 10 years. Although the questionnaire was not divided in the different steps, every question collected specific the news. This collectively gave an idea of the financial flows of a family. In the first party collected us data on the general details of family, including income, the payments towards the interior and in outside. The second party collected the news on landholding and the details of other physical goods, including the details of residence and cattle. In this process captured us the news on the financial transactions while buying or sell goods, the method of financing and the purchase goal. The third party set up itself on the physical goods, where we captured the news on the financing method, the purchase goal, and his value. So any was well sold, we found the quantity realized the sale. While looking for these information, we tried to understand the process of acquisition and the sale of goods and the circumstances under which ones they are obtained or are sold. In the fourth party, we captured details of economies and debt

Family. We asked also to the replying to classify the sources with as they had economies and lend transactions to obtain a reactions on their comfort levels, the details on arrangement, the costs, the security and the liquidity of the products that they used. We asked also

The the quantity of economies maxima and the loans and the source where it was parked or was drawn in the last one 10 years. This gave us almost an idea of the reach of the financial institutions and we said at the same time range of convenience and of faith that the poor ones placed on these sources. It helped us which finds of the of definite or simple source furnished the product more acceptable. The similar details were collected on the debt. In the last party collected us details of the events that arrived in the last one 10 years ae" as the marriage of the children, as the expenditures of health and as the purchase of goods or as the funeral expenditures. These events details the taken that the financial flows implied with the birth, the death, the education, the marriage and the urgencies. This gave insights in how such events are financed and are managed. The questions on which ones we had the difficulty in to obtain from the data were problems and expenditures healths secured. They should talk about these problems. These details were collected in a cautious manner. The data were not next on some sensitive problems also. As this is a tribal sector, there is a price predominance of bride as against the dowry in the plains In these sector people had a small piece of earth, the productivity was

The low level and most of the products were consumed. The levels of monetisation were so low. To ascribe a value for the oneself consumption was therefore difficult. The usage events as the time boundaries were useful, but that gave us the data on the financial flows to the event point. Nevertheless, several replying ones were incapable to articulate their remarkable one, because of the low levels of conscience on the aspects of reimbursement and the division between the interest and the director.

The data were collected the men of usage and the investigators of women. We found it was of more better to use of the investigators of women for the data reception. The usage women helped us because: ae" Replying available Women for a longer party of the day. Therefore, the chances to draw an emptiness or a need to revisit the household was minimal. ae" The Women had the time patiently to reply to the questionnaire and should remind of the details more clearly than men, and replied

To the investigators of women well. ae" The Women were not suspicious and did not tend to hide. Nevertheless, the inconvenience to collect data exclusively of the women put a question on precision. Ideally these data should have been trianguled by a discussion runs men. But because of the time constraints, this could not be done.

Conclusions



1 Major Sources of transaction of money in the town are the lenders of Town,

To go shopping the custodians; the Family and the parents, the Banks, co-operatve Corporation and SHG

.

2 General households and job: We used data from50 households of which one these collected ourselves the news. These 50HOUSEHOLDS had total 226 individuals ae" an average of around of five persons by the household. The basic demographic data are given in Table 2. Of ordinary the sectors of poverty are associated with a high predominance of work child. Our pilot indicates that, of the 85 children (under the age of 15), 45 read some vocation or the other, principally in farming, the acquisition of products of forest minors (MFP) and

Travel to the city to work in the not businesses closes. Others of more than 18 age years, there were only six persons that claimed to be unemployed. Only 45 children of the total 85 under the age of 15 students. The other 40 children that were not in the school strength

Or was employed in some chore or the other, that the families chose of not to reveal or were too young to begin the work. The education levels were low (Postpones 3). Wayanad is enumerated under one of the neighborhoods the most educational behind in the country. There was person that had attained the education beyond the primary level and of two-thirds of the people were illiterate. Most of the occasions of job were seasonal in the nature. Considering this, there is an occasion to introduce financial products that help the flow smoothening in cash of these poor people. The details of the statute of job are given in Table 4.

3 Income: The households had the income of the agricultural and not sources agricultural. The income of the non agricultural sources was more high than of farming (Postpones 5). The drought continues for the past years and non-availability of cultivable earth could have them drivings to look for the income of the non agricultural activities a lot of persons of the town go to the other city to work with the not businesses closes. The connection with the city played a major role in occasion diversification of win bread. The new income flows discover diversification of the present work pumped in the additional types to the uniform cash-flow. The high debt had forced them also go out of the town

And look for alternate that the extracts of the in cash uniform flows. Sometimes income is in the type. We captured this while converting the flows in the monetary terms. For example, grass and MFP collected, contributed in a significant way to the flow of income of the household. These were monetised. In the superior households of end where income is more than Rs 4,000 by person found us than more than a member of the family obtained the uniform work in the city. Certain of them had also the earth, adding to their flows. Although we did not find households that abandon farming, the Table 6 spectacles that farming is not lucrative salary and of conclusion

The job seems to be an alternate one. The households that fall in the lower income group, continued depend on farming, and were incapable to let the poverty trap go out of.

4 Goods: The goods possessed by the families are given in Table 7. List see us that outside of the tools, outside of the beds of camp and outside of the instruments of rudimentary farm, there is pretty little in the form of an although the households had. The good more significant in the households was in money, in now, the equipment of handcrafts etc. It was found during the field visit that most of the enumerated goods were not of ordinary sold ones. The people in the town prefer to borrow in the crisis times to the rather high interest rate, instead of liquidating any goods and if they need to sell their goods they would sell first cattle but would not touch the jewels. While replying them had a unity of residence of their clean one. Certain of them had two unities of residence, but the families the two used. None of the families had rented out the earth, while several families had rented in the earth.

5 Loans: The loan profile is showed in Table 8. The number maximum of accounts of loan was with the lenders. Nevertheless, the average size of a loan of the lender was of smaller more than more other sources. In all, borrowing lender

And the other simple sources represented almost 85 percent of the number of loans and 80 percent of the quantities borrowed. The loan of the parents and commercial banks had one in a significant way high size of loan of average. There was not significant difference between the source of which ones I Group and II of Group had borrowed. 4 It appears that SHG was not an option for Group I households. The definite sector was incapable to attain this segment of the population. The reasons could retrieve themselves to the size of transaction and to the costs. Even the SHGs worked with the superior end of the poor families. When we compared the quantities of loan and the profiles of borrower, we found that the commercial banks have a prejuged towards to do the loans for the productive goods (Postpones 9). The bank the one had given

Lend for social consumption5 of five loans done. Health related expenditures, contributed to the highest expenditure. The wallet of borrower was various for the lender. The lender had spread loans for the consumption, the social consumption,

The health expenditures, buying the goods, and also to meet loads for the litigation. The loans of lender for the well being principally for the cattle purchase. All the loans of SHG were for the consumption. The people principally borrowed for the consumption, the social consumption and the expenditures of related health of the sources of family. The community subsidized of ordinary the social events in the town ae" hope was that the profitable one does the heights in when there

Etait a similar event in of others' the family. Therefore, the loans for the marriage and funerals were of ordinary one of the simple sources. Only a loan of the sources of family was to buy the goods. The tables 9 and 10 indicate that the people borrowed lenders for the well purchase. The loan of the lenders for the urgency goals, is understandable, but the biggest one leaves in the well purchase indicates than it there spread it for the definite institutions to enter. We should note as as the goal more frequent for the loan is related health.

6 Economies: Without the conscience and without the complex legal conditions of banks most of the economies in SHGs. There was an account of reproducing deposit. The economies in SHGs were on the weekly basis. A lot of members were irregular in their economies. Even this was irregular as there is not uniform flow of returned one in the household. So when there was a small available money with the women or while selling the MFP, the vegetables or the bamboo, they preferred to save in the receptacle in sure earth in the house but far of their eyes of the husbands. Data on the financing of purchase of well and financing of significant events, it was evident that these economies frugally are very used for the gone out. The sale of goods and of jewels was not seen of the all in the sample households. The economies are perceived to be a different compartment that frugally was to be used. An usually to look at income, the data of economies and loans indicate that the debt level does not alarm (the face). In almost all the cases the general loan less than had returned them annual, and far less than the total value of the although they had. In this direction that no replying one suffered from a negative net value. Nevertheless, which seemed to be very current mask of the money in the jars, as there was not of available alternate one for the economies. The definite sources were attained only by a handful of people and of they seemed to have also multiple accounts. This problem was done facing in the loan and the economy departments. Postpone 11 spectacles the economies of the poor ones in the institutions

CONCLUSIONS

Do the card of the financial flow of the poor ones demands that the prudent investigation of the models of income and spends and the most important one is the engagement of the people themselves. This paper illustrates the directed results of a study in a town of Kerala that was under the influence of calamities and the natural farmers problems for the last years and tested some height of precipitations this year. But that the resolution of certain sectors of the important problems while going through the programs of government and the individual cooperation, retrieving itself notably to take the job and helped the diversifies their sources of win bread. Although there is

The various studies directed to identify the factors that lead people in the poverty trap, the major conclusions of this study are that the good economies gednedrales it profile of income of the poor ones in this town gives a comfort while in comparison of the debt. Nevertheless, most of the goods and the economies are illiquid, forcing the poor ones to borrow from the high cost and maintain such loans. The study indicates institution failure to penetrate the market of economies and loan. Even if we suppose that the "urgency" needs would be met by the local sources, the institutions (including the mechanisms of microfinance as SHGs) were incapable to

Do the incursions in the financing non-urgency planned needs as the purchase of well and as the house construction. There is a need for an economy product with appropriate conceived ae" a major attribute of the product must be the security. Liquidity and the return do not have the air of

Etre a worry as most of the economies are in a "jar" hid. It is important to note that the significant loans come also of the parents reinforcing by this manner the social liaison in the community as we studied. This also is testified in the marriages in a manner and the other social events are financed. The poor ones seem smoothening their costs of interest while resorting to to simple, zero loans of cost for the certain goals. This has an important one

The indication for us. There was a very strong argument of fungibility for the evaluation of the loans uniform, by MFIs. This is seen in the style of Grameen and the type of SHG of organizations. One of the arguments are that this takes care of the unfavorable usage of credit (the oft-cited example is the subsidy credit of based production is used for the social consumption). Nevertheless, the model of loan and the usage to which the poor ones put the funds in our sample indicate that if we can guarantee the end usage, there is a case for the gap

The loan evaluation. It proves as as the simple structures guarantee as even in the consumption, this could be limited by the social systems ae" the example being the non-availability of finance of the social system for the second and the subsequent marriages. The study reconfirme the conclusions of preceding studies ae" the expenditure of the more of murder is secured health. This takes the poor ones in the amplest debt. The loans for the health expenditures form one of

The big pieces more significant of loan. We noticed as as there was not significant difference between the superior end of the poor and the lower end in to have access to the definite institutions for the economies and the loans and in or recognizes the treaty these institutions were limited. A factor combination as the news of the occasions of income, the accessible medical service opportunities and inexpensive, credit on the terms and the reasonable consciences of the useless expenditures on the social events would help

The in to manage their money judiciously. Although we could muster valid the news but always there are certain things that lacks and the study does not capture as

the relation between the loan cost with and without security ae" notably with the lenders, the flows in the long term and if these households were better in comparison of there is a decade and the effect of diversification of streams of income in treaty

The difficult positions ae" notably in View that the sample sector was affected by the harsh droughts in the three last years. A significant gap also was found in the lack of complete data on the current expenditure.

The profile Of Neighborhood of Wayanad

Neighborhood Wayanad

The sector (in sq.km.) 2,131

The population 7.80.619

The male ones 3.91.273

The female ones 3.89.346

Sex proportion: The female ones/1000 995

The density of Population 366

Returned by person (in Rs) 34,123

The alphabetizing rate 85.25%; the Male 89.77%; the Female 80.72%

The coastal line in km. Zero

Water the sector of bodied in hectares. 936

The forest sector in hectares. 78787

Groups of supporters of assembly 1. Kalpatta

2. Wayanad of the north

3. Sulthan Batheri

Quarter of Head of Taluks No of Towns

Vaithiri Vaithiri 18

The Sulthan Batheri Sulthan Batheri 15

Mananthavadi Mananthavadi 16

The Population of the stock in life (2000 Census)

The Pigs of Sheep of Goats of Buffalo of cattle

106393 5847 38188 110 3254

The height of monthly precipitations (mm)

The months Jan February Ruins avr May June July August September October November December

The height of precipitations 7.4 9.1 21.5 96.3 186.3 694.1 1163.6 639.6 258.7 206.6 101.4 26.7





The profile of Town of Noolpuzha

The geographic Sector (Hec) 24297

The forest Sector (Hec) 19287

To cropped the Sector (Hec) 3330

The irrigated Sector (Hec) 200

Total number of take of House 4627

The population 23151

The male 11806

The female one 11345

SC/ST 9861

The hospitals 9

The secondary Schools 3

Post Offices 8

The banks 4

Town offices 1

Telegraph Offices 1

SHG

General 296

ST 111

Sources: Panchayat Plan



THE LIST OF TABLES

Postpone 2: The major distribution through the Echantillon

Be a question of year

1-15 85

16-30 68

31-45 34

45 years and above 29

Total 226

Postpone 3: The level of Education through the Echantillon

The level OF Education No

Illiterate 126

Cultivated 48

The primary education 52

Total 226

Postpone 4: The distribution of the Echantillon according to the Statute of Job



The statute job (Not)

Unemployed 62

The student 16

The woman to the home 29

Farming 60

The not business closes (seasonal) 33

The not business closes (uniform) 4

The service 8

Other 14

Total 226

Postpone 5: Income Details for the Different Occupations

Income source

Income average By

The person A Employed

by the Year (Rs) Returned of Person

of Households

by the Year (Rs)

Farming 1,329 752

The agricultural work of salary 10,800 2,700

The non-agri businesses (seasonal) 10,621 2,392

Collect MFP/GRASS

(the primary job) 950 480

General income of the sources of non-agri - 519

The income by person of all the sources 6843

Postpone 6: Income sources: Farming and Other

By person

The sources Of Farming

Of other

Total income

The income of HHs (Not of HHs) (Not of HHs) (Not of HHs)

0-2000 6 33 5

2000-4000 25 12 19

More than 4000 19 5 26

Postpone 7: The good Details

List of well

Number

Compare the Value

Good (Rs)

Physical goods

The clock 9 940

The scooter 01 7000

The cycle 01 2000

The watch 10 2210

The radio 05 2300

The camp bed 24 5100

The chairs 01 50

Elec connections

(the number of points of bulb) 15 3500

The tools (about the value) 17900

The farm executes 52 11500

The pump 01 8000

The jewels (money) (about the value) 213600

The jewels (gold) (about the value) 1500

-

Cattle

The cows 3733700

The bouvillons 5566000

The goat/sheep 81 35650

The poultry 41 6720

Land (the sector in the half-hectares)

Possess the irrigated earth 0.375 22000

Possess the earth rain nourished 20.5 81000

Possess the non cultivable earth 11.7 232000

The earth rain nourished rented 1.875 66000

The non cultivable rented earth 0.375 10000

Residence

Small 7

The means 20

Big 01

Postpone 8: The loan Details Different Sources





The details of the Monetary one

The transactions Rupture of the

Base customer

The sources Lend

Not Of

Explain Ammount

(Rs) the Loan of Av.

Gauge (Rs) I Group

19 II of Group of Hhs

15 Hhs

Advertising contains

post the office 05

(7,8) 49,000

(17,33) 9,800

02

03

Lenders

42

(65,62) 134,100

(47,45) 3,193

18

24

SHG

04

(6,25) 2,700

(0,95) 675

00

04

Parents

12

(18,75) 91,800

(32,48) 7,650

06

06

Other

0 1

(1,56) 5,000

(1,79) 5,000

00

01

Total 64 2.82.600 4,415

38

26

.

* I To Group = the income by person less than Rs 4,000. Group II = by person

income more than Rs 4,000

Postpone 10: Significant Evednements and How They Have Financed Eted

Loans of Detail of event

Not of Evednements

in the Past Years (Rs)

Before. Amt

economies

Spent

(Rs)

Used

(Rs)

The marriage of children

19

13,432

1,895

11,537

The health problems of members of the family 31 1,955

1,281 674

The house construction 10 7,570 800 5,770

The purchase of agricultural earth 07 3,457 428 2 428

The funeral expenditure 04 200 - 1,200

Other 18 989 906 3,083

.

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