Farm Subsidy Database

THE CASHMERE VISION OF SECURITE OF FOOD CENTRIQUE

THE COLLECTION 2
THE TECHNOLOGY A BASES TO CULTIVATE

BY TEACHER GHULAM MOHYUDDIN WANI

Of more, we must use to crop the based system more of technology to increase the productivity by the unity earth. The horizontal expansion is not possible. Establish an embargo on on the usage without discernment of chemical fertilizers, of pesticides and of other ferme-l'usage-agents are a constrained other to increase the productivity of grain of food. Unfortunately our rhythm of grain production of food declined. The rate of growth of 1-2% put pressures on our economy. The importations of grains of food, an abnormality on the past decade, needs the probla¨me-cause-l'analyse. The entire system of National Agricultural Research, the officials of extension and field recorded a fatigue. All the same, the earth degradation, the exhaustion and environmental pollution minedrales demand the new mechanism to raise the productivity.
SAMETI
"The Direction of the state of Farming and the Institute of Training of Extension can help to do the adjustments in our farming system if as to integrate farming, the aquaculture, the conservation of water and the high cattle with the new businesses of gain of driven profits of technology. This needs a continued one and friendly political farmers of farming viable. The conscience and the technology application are must produce more unity of earth. We have a luck as our yields are lower than a lot of countries and even our neighboring states of India," said a group of well informed person of valley of Cashmere.
ORGANIC FARMING
Organic farming is recommended as the modern technology. We left our traditional organic farming to adopt farming of chemical product, that landed us in boredom. This rotation of modernity and of purist heavily taxed us. We jumped maybe in the technologies to adopt or essay without comparing them with our clean practices. Now to return to our own traditional manners is loaded with the problems also. The often required questions are, can we support or maintain even our levels of productivity in restaurant to organic farming? The Blending of modern technology of today and traditional technology of years of yester can reply to this question. Can the news and the communication competences and the technology span a new union?
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
Current the news and communication technology overlapped all the barriers of race, the religion, the culture and the countries. A study Completes of 23 papers of magazine and a dozen reserves of the and the newspapers were presented by the author in 2005. How the communication and the news can help the production and support positions of discussed yields in detail. The strong systems of warning for the climate risks, the floods and the cyclones, the plagues and the mites could help student more of harvests. The data processing of farming and the conscience packets by the characters, the mass and now E-MAIL are possible. The role of competitive farming, the investigation and the economical evaluation of integration of farming and women need the attention. The women, the half of force of agricultural work, always are ignorant of competences technologicals. The customs barriers, the sail, the religion and the social slaveries could be overcome while instructing them by the TV, the cassettes, the e-mail or the other modern devices of communication.
TRANFER OF TECHNOLOGY
The technology transfer is easy. We can announce practices of technology or let us show them even. The principal problem is his adoption. The India with 25% of his PIB of farming spends about 2% of the same on its subsidies to the place of on the technology transfer. Mix lowers itself with the agricultural exportations will need a radical cut under the new agreements of WTO. The limit of occasion of access, market and global of 3% importation will complicate more the problems. The international norms of purification will need more conscience to the door of the farmer. Our Agricultural exportations of the agricultural items were on and now we export around 18.45% agricultural voucher in form of apiculture, floriculture, the fresh fruit, the mushroom, the spice, Sugar, the medlasse, the rice, the tropical fruit juice, the pulp, the concentrated and even the chemical agro-produits. The fruit, the edcrous and the vegetables increased our exportation gains. Our limitations in to increase our exportations are the infrastructure to furnish the packing bio-sağr international, the purification of phyto &the amplifier; the measures of forty. Our yields are so low to complete with of others. Thus, the transfer to the technology does not have to be limited to hold methods, the edition, the leaflets, the files, the bulletins, the bulletins, the newspapers, the magazine, the press edition, the transmissions of rural farm or television discussions but must be completed with the videoconference, the massive countries of sensibilisation by the video cassettes, the works of net of cable and the other transmissions of local farm. Publicity, advertising and the persuasion must be furnished with communication competences as the rural journalism, popular participation, the motivation and more if by the direction of computer systems. The farm visits, the calls of farmers, the letters must be intensified. The farmers need the news on the markets, the norms of bio and the research of marketing and form a network the mechanisms.
The apple is an important principal harvest of J&l'ampli; K Declares. The state produced 10414017 MTS of apples of 100702 hectares of sector of orchard during the year 2005-2006. The state contributes 57% of national production of apples, while as Himachal Pradesh contributes 24% despite having received the considerable governmental attention. The products of the state early, mi and last culture of season of apple. The commercial varieties of apple are Delicious Red, Gilded Delicious, Ambri, the White Marked A with points Kulu delicious, Royal and Delicious Red, Hazratbali, Benoni.
POST THE TECHNOLOGY OF HARVEST
Post the handling of harvest of apple encapsulated a lot of decisions of direction and the processes that are implied in to harvest, handling, the emmagasinage, packing and the transportation of fruit of necessary apple to furnish the consumer with an acceptable one and produce. The characteristics of apple that determines his acceptance in the place of the market are the size, the form, the color, the texture, the perfume, juice content, the liberty of the defects and bruises. A correct exportation oriented to pack, the sanitary and ecological evaluation his acceptability of consumer under the system of WTO.

As for the walnut tree, it could be declared that this is a harvest of important edcrou grown in the state of J&l'ampli; K. THE state produces 86263 tons to drown of a sector of 61723 hectares with the productivity of 1.39 tons/hectares and has the monopoly in the exportation to a lot of countries of the world. The culture to drown some is common in Badarwah, Poonch, Kupwara, Baramulla, Bandipora, Ganderbal, Budgam, Srinagar, Anantnag and the other undulating sectors of J&l'ampli; K. To drown it is consumed as the luxury snacks just like commercially used for the preparation of products of bakery, the chocolates, the ice, the embellishments, the oils, the products of candy store and salad. The shells are prosecuted in the glue and the plastic ones and to do the solutions for the cleaning and to polish the surfaces.

But there are constraints in the commerce some to drown, that needs to be addressed.

• These include the conscience of index of maturity date, the method to harvest and of non scientific hulling. Besides there are the necks of edtranglement of harvest of post as the moved emmagasinage, drying, classifying practices at the level of farm. The lack of conscience of the sanitary conditions to check edcrous and the lack of integrate checking the system to manage the edcrous. Non-adoption of international norms of degrees and of lack of direction of opportunities/orchard treatment/of storage.
  
  Pertinent to mention that the cherry is another harvests important fruit of the valley, that is put on the market outside the state. To Cashmere the cherry is the first harvest of fruit that comes to the market and extracted of good prices. The fruit quality is good in the fresh climate. The cherries after the harvest are to be cooled, stored packed and carried under the refrigerated conditions to the delimiting market. The fruit transportation under the refrigerated condition remains healthy for a longer period, in comparison of the stored fruit under the ambient conditions. The emmagasinage, the packing, the transportation and the preservation are necessary at the local level.
  The EXPORTATION OF FRUIT
  For the exportation of products of horticulture, we must integrate the production activities with the direction of harvest of post. The opportunities of Infrastructural for ************, the packing, classify, the treatment centers, the refrigerated vans, the conservation in cold room, the ease of handling of cargo to the airport, the laboratories for the analysis of residue of pesticide, the good connectivity of road, the promotion of the market by HIM forms a network, the credit ease for the programs of exporting and conscience is essential previous conditions for the exportation of products horticoles of the state.
  
  "The major problems in Horticulture to be the planting mediocre quality of equipment &the amplifier; his inspection mechanization. The low disease diagnostic devices and the direction of poor orchard. The capitals small farmers have low and the applications technologicals poor. Besides poor handling of posts harvest, the industrial basis and the measures of check of mediocre quality and the laboratories. The modernization of network of marketing and the poor usage, of data and electronic. The therefore new options as the basis of germplasm, the analysis, the equipment collection through the state is necessary. Besides the normalization of rootstock for all the important harvests, the development to crop the systems horticoles for all the neighborhoods and the certification and the attention of need of laboratories of check of quality," to say connected people with the horticulture commerce.

Horticulture sector

As preceding asserted, the major assistant to J&l'ampli; K' the crude internal product of s is horticulture and the party of the global market horticole for India is around 15%. We dominate markets to Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and Bangladesh. Our party is comparatively less in the countries as Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Israel, Kuwait, Pakistan, Oman and Brunei. But with to improve commerce in the countries of SAARC, we can have more occasions of expansion in the Asian markets domesticate. Thus a confidence towards the orientation of exportation horticole is linked up with peace and the union among the countries of SAARC. We divide cultural, religious habits and of food, thus our products could be preferred on of others. This needs the post harvest correct and extension of conducted market and system of assistance. Considering the correct attention can capture us markets of Japan, hong-kong, China and the other countries also. For the more aggressive development of horticulture in J&l'ampli; K declares, there is the need to put the tension on the development of opportunities of marketing, of job and of options of generation of income and of parameters of zones of promotion of exportation.

To give the sprout to the exportations, the sprout needs to be given at the strawberry, the seed of mushroom and cumin, the bays, the wild fruit and the native vegetables. The germplasm horticole local needs the projections of investigation and innovative. As local germplasm is well suited our environment for him needs less than water. The new options of the market for the organic fruit produced in J&l'ampli; the priorisation of need of K and the certification under the regulation of WTO. The international security of bio measures, classifying and pack available fruit, establishes for the development of new varieties of fruit as the fruit of kiwi, the wild apricot, the black cherry, the broccoli and the mushroom are the suggested manners for the development of this sector. The options for the air transportation, the cargo of Leh, Srinagar and Jammu to the consumer centers as Delhi, Chandigarh and Mumbai need the exploration. The agro-based the industrial mountings that use the apple of low degree for juice, the shampooing, the fuels of bio and the usage of available horticole and waste of floricultural for the commodities vendables as the kits gift, the odors, the decorative and dehydrated flowers the perfumes and the biofuel.

It is retrieved that Planning Horticulture and Put on the market J&l'ampli; K established Fruit and the markets to the vegetables in the state. The department is in the process to strengthen three principal operating markets of Nowpora (Sopore), Parimpora (Srinagar) and Narwal (Jammu). Classify multifonction if removed, the sheds to pack and bids were constructed to Nowpora Sopore. Ampler 17 markets by satellite were established in the state. The news of the market maintain were introduced to collect and to disseminate the intelligence of the market by NET connectivity inside and outside the state. It is more retrieved than the new ones of uniform agricultural marketings as Zariye Khabernama was begun to Cashmere Darshan of Door.

Pertinent to mention that most of the harvests of fruit are rain nourish, the development of need of ease of irrigation in the form of a drop/sprinkler irrigation. Place the need of technique of specific nutritious direction to be adopted to improve and to save usage of fertilizer in the harvests of fruit and vegetable.

The strategies need to be evolved for the development of production of harvest and of technologies of protection of plant of the report cost effectiveness and ecological liberates of all the hazardous chemical products with the minimal damages to soil, to water, to air, the plants and the animals. Besides the diversification of culture of fruit, the culture of dry fruit in the sectors rain nourish is the need of the hour. The usage of local gednotypes of wild fruit likes the edcrous, the bays etc will help in a big manner.

"There is the need for the fruit production, the vegetables and the flowers in of low season and the opportunities creation to do the products of low season of that. The rejuvenation of sick unities of horticulture and unproductive as the orchards, the nurseries of fruit and treatment unities etc. The promotion and technology popularization crosses in the vegetables and the establishment of laboratories of culture of fabric and the green houses for the massive multiplication of disease liberate equipment to plant, the tubercules/bulbs and the seeds. The layered grounds of the harvests of fruit where the harvests grow for the decade duty to soil the erosion or in the ground change chemical, the need to be given to the attention to improve it. Above all the establishment of fruit and above the modernized vegetables unities of treaty/preservation. The infrastructure opportunities are necessary for the direction of harvest of post of industry of horticulture in J&l'ampli; K Declares," to suggest experts.

The lack of technical knowledge, the lack of seeds ground tried, the high cost of fertilizer delays the development d'Agriculture/l'Horticulture

Therefore the people urge Govt., launch program of conscience of the Farmers, furnish the subsidized fertilizers and the of irrigation opportunities to raise the production in J&l'ampli; K