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Apricot Hill FarmPosted on September 1, 2010.  anthropological studies and economical social of agricultural pratices of uri, baramullah, Cashmere
ANTHROPOLOGICAL ETUDES AND SOCIAL economiques ON THE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPPEMENT IN URI TEHSIL OF BARAMULAAH DISTRIC The wani of mohyuddin of ghulam of Teacher conceived and developed the concept grade that was executed by the composed team following by experts and NGoS
S. No. Name Designation
Asstt. The Prof.extension (DEE)
Asstt. Teacher. (Agronomy,DEE)
Asstt.Prof.(Agronomy,DEE)
Asstt. Teacher. (the grounds to DEE)
Asstt. Teacher. (Pathology,DEE) of plant.
THE SMS (the Science of House, DEE) Mrs Beenish Shakeel THE SMS (the Science of House, DEE)
The photographer (DEE)
Prog, KVKBaramulla of coordinator
Asstt. Teacher. FMAP
Asstt. Teacher. (Olericulture) Dr. Mr. A. Chatoo Asstt. Teacher. (Olericulture) Dr. Tariq Ahmed shah Asstt. Teacher. (Pathology of Plant) Dr. Khurshid Ahmad Assitt. Teacher. (Pathology of Plant)
SDAO Uri Mr. Mohd. Qasim THE SMS, Uri
AEO Uri Mr. Mr. Latief Khan AEO, Uri Mrs Tasneem Kouser AEO, Chandenwari Mr. Jatinderjit Singh Agric. Assitt. Boniyar
Deptt. of Fishings F. the s. the fishings The Peer of Ahmed of Mr. Manzoor HDO, Uri Dr. Anwar Hussain GO, Uri Missed blow. Sudbeer Kaur THE, Uri Mr. Assadullah Aziz APO, the Foundation of Khan of Aga Mr. Moulvi Manzoor The farmer, Isham Mr. Manzoor Ahmad The professor, s'Echauffer itself Mr. Zahid Ahmad The professor, s'Echauffer itself Mr. Gh. Qadir Dar Master II, s'Echauffer itself Mr. Mr. Ramzan Nazar The farmer, s'Echauffer itself Mr. Gh. Only Qadir The farmer, s'Echauffer itself Mr. Syed Rafiq Hussain Sarpanch, Noorkah 36-59. The Farmers of Isham Group (24 Rrespondents) 60-80. Echauffer of the Farmers Group (21 Replying ones) 81-95. The Farmers of Noorkhah Group (15 Replying ones) 96-110. The Women of Chandanwari Group (15 Replying ones)
I- the INTRODUCTION Uri is one of the Tehsils of broadcasting of Baramulla of neighborhood on a sector of 25192 hectares with a population of 104159 persons that understand of 54989 males and 49170 female ones. There remains in the parties of the northwest of Baramulla of neighborhood to 73O 59' 18.26 E and divided in two administrative pads to knowledge: Uri and Boniyar having 33 Panchayat halquas with a number of 90 towns. The Tehsil is well delimited in the zones under tropical and moderate agro-climatiques, where the average of temperature of summer climbs to 360 C and of time in time the falls to the under of 00 C in subtropical sectors. It is surrounded by the high mountains with the deep ravins, the earth in terrace and is one of the Tehsil of boarder close to LOC. The river Jehlum flows by the sector and is the major source of production of Strength hydro-edlectrique of the J&l'ampli; K Declares. The population especially is decided for the lands of mountain and dispersed in small Hamlets with the density of low population and the connectivity of poor road. The altitude of the sector varies of 1100 meters to 2200 meters. The farmers have the small size of have earth on these terraces. The farming in the sector is dominated while growing of harvest as the corn, the paddy, wheat, the oat, the pulse (especially rajmash), the two as irrigated and rain nourished. Among the vegetables Rabi and the vegetables of kharief are grown in the small gardens of kitchen for the goals domesticate only. Nevertheless, growing of pea of field and of potato in certain of the towns for the commercial goals developed fad among some farmers base on their rich experiences. Generally, in the highest belts of altitude to crop mono and to the lower belts double to crop is in the practice to a lot of places. The high hills of altitude are covered with the trees of Pine and Deodar and to the buttresses there is a lean vegetation of trees as the pear, to drown it, the fishing, the apple, the olive, the lemon, and the wild apricot etc. The fruit trees are dispersed and as such hardly of orchard can be seen in the sector. More, they are with out any traced and poorly are directed. The number of fruit trees (wild local cultivars) varied of 8-10 trees by the taken house. The naturally big one drown and uncared the trees of pear are seen in the good numbers in the sector and on the interaction people retrieve lean yields. The cattle population consists in to keep of 1-2 cattle (local/crossing student of the cows, the bulls, the buffalo). The sheep, the goat and the poultry also students to servant to flower of the type and the native methods. The retrieved sheep and goat population are 81940 and 27390 and surpass not respectively especially 3-4 numbers by the household. Cross student exists in top until a certain one not at all in the sheep only. The native birds of few poultry in the number for the goals domesticate is a common practice with of families of farm. The traditional method to keep bee is still in the practice in some town hamlets. Generally, the people are economically behind and the position becomes ampler worsened because of the low productivity, the unemployment/it under exploitation, the lack of communication and the basic opportunities as the education and health. The majority of the people suffers from the under nutrition and under the nutrition and the worse group of success is children and women. Most of the aged women are illiterate and suffer from the orthopedic problem largely. More, the mothers were not equipped with health information secured as the correct timely immunization plan for their children.
Ii-methodologie
The process of reorganization of system of extension must takes to the establishment of three ATMAs (agricultural of technology and the direction agencies) in three neighborhoods and a SAMETI (the extension of direction of farming of the state that induces the institute) in Jammu &the amplifier; Cashmere. The skaust-k of Education of Extension of Director pays attention to also as SAMETI of Director. To prepare SREP for the zones agro-climatiques of the valley, inducing programs and leader of PRA was now an uniform characteristic of the activities of SAMETI. It is in this connection that SAMETI of Director instructed to prepare a Research and the Strategic Extensions Plan (SREP) by the techniques of PRA while delegating the multidisciplinary team of experts/the scientists of skuast-k to Uri tehsil of Baramulla of neighborhood of 16E to 21E of July 2007. The team understood experts of the scientists of the Education of Extension, the Agronomy, Pomology, Science of Ground, Floriculture, the Science of House, the protection of Plant and Olericulture. The team with the Coordinator of Program of KVK, Baramulla proceeded to Uri on 16E July 2007 Campus of Shalimar and on to attain Uri began treating the task.
1. Report building
To have a brief idea of the climatic conditions, the natural resources, the ecology, need farming of community and the occasions etc. before does a project of PRA the first of all visited team in the office of SDAO, Uri of Department of Development.
An interaction meeting was arranged with the officers and receives officials of departments of development, NGOs, the scientists and the farmers of the region and mustered some important information on the above mentioned aspects. This interaction meeting was also serviable in to decide the representative towns for PRA according to the positions agro-edcologiques. In every representative group of town of farmers of different ages were mustered in the schools/the places central of the towns and they were received to the confidence by the simple discussions. Some ideas were exchanged and slowly the discussion was diverted towards farming the allied problems. The groups and easily were convinced were divided demanded the news.
2. Direct PRA
With the intention of SREP, the Tehsil was divided in to three agro ae"the ecological positions (AES) principally while basing itself on the altitude because tehsil. Uri understands eminent top and low belts of altitude with to crop completely different model.
The various AESs as identified is given to the under. S.non. Name Position Representative town Altitude 1 AES-1 Subtropical Isham 1300M amsl 2 AES-2 Moderate S'edchauffer itself 1800M amsl 3 AES-3 Under moderate Noorkhah 1420M amsl
3. Transect Walk
After the representative selection of three towns The team with the villagers had a walk of transect of every town to put itself to the current with the resources of town and its borders.
4. Mapping
Certain of the farmers were asked to draw the card of the every town using the equipment as to draw leaves, the pencils, the erasers, etc. furnished by the resource personnel. While of others were encouraged to do the correction where never they felt the need. By his exercise that the team attained social mapping and of resource of the town.
5. Wealth classification
Classify wealth was done by the direct question and indirect of the farmers while basing itself on income crude/the months/the household without injuring their feelings and consequently two groups of income c. -a -d. rich poor in resource and of resource was identified in every town. The number of groups of poor lower income the of resource with an income in top to Rs 2000/the months is the consideration basis.
6. Exist the farming system
For knowledge to exist it farming systems, the different businesses of farming with their contribution and the combination are followed by a critical manner were analyzed and was identified. The farming systems differ according to agroae"les positions ecological.
7. Analyze gap
The gap analysis was done while basing itself on recommended cultivating the position extension based. The recommended practice compare to the practice and to the current range of evaluated gap. The specific reasons for the gap were asked and the farmers were encouraged to propose strategies to fill the gaps. On the basis of above the conclusions SREP was formulated for the representative town. III - THE BOTTOM GENERAL OF THE REPRESENTANT THE TOWNS AND THEIR SREP
Isham Town
The resource (Income groups)
S.non The income group (the Rupees/Months) Not of Families Percentage 1 Until 8000 113 62.78 2 8001-12000 45 25.00 3 More than 12000 22 12.22
Total 180 100%
Wealth classification
S.non Category Not of Families Percentage 1 Poor of resource 106 58.89 2 Rich in resource 74 41.11
Total 180 100.00
Exist Business of Farming
S.non Business Household No Percentage 1 Farming 159 88.5 2 Horticulture 125 69.5 3 Elevage 122 68.0 4 Sheep agronomy 54 30.0 5 The poultry Keeps 104 58.0
Exist System of Farming
S.non Exist the system of Farming Household No Percentage 1. Farming + Horticulture + the Elevage 94 52.0 2. Farming + Horticulture + the Poultry Keeps 54 30.0 3. Farming + Horticulture + the Agronomy of Sheep 32 18.0
Total 180 100.0
The contribution of different businesses (%)
The gaps businesses wise in the adoption and the proposed strategies of extension of the towns choose
AES-1 Town- Isham, the Altitude- 1300M amsl, Tehsil- Uri, One) Farming S. No. The item of packet Practice recommended Current practices The gap in the adoption The specific reason for the gap The farmers proposed the extension strategies 1 Paddy I sow the rate 50-60kg/ha 100-120kg/ha partial -To risk the cover against seed availability, water, the damages of bad grass and bird etc. -Inducing with the demonstration on the handling of the farmers possess seeds, their treatment and their data usage to take the healthy nursery. II. variety The rice of Shalimar-1, Jehlum K-39 Chinese K of variety-39 Partial -Non-availability of seed and of technology of last varieties -The demonstration with the training on the last relaxed varieties of rice, putting OFT on the successful culture of rice Basmati Iii. transplant time and method the fitting time is 25E be able June 10 with 3-4 hills of the semis The first fifteen days of June and to plant 8-10 semis/the hill Partial -For the cover of seasonal risks and obtains the population of more of confirmed plant in the field -OFT on to sow dates for the beginning of exact week/date to transplant and the number of plants iv Fertilizer application (Urea,DAP,MOP) Urea-10kg, DAP6.5kg, MOP1.7kg/ kanal Urea5kg and DAP5kg/kanal Partial -The lack of conscience of the usage of stable dose of fertilizer. -Not available to the just time -Inducing with the demonstration on the role and the effective usage of application of fertilizer. v The method of application of fertilizer Basal + the First doses Using the basal dose of the available fertilizers only
-to do-
-to do-
-to do- vi The insect/the problems of plague IPM Zero Full -the conscience lack in IPM -Doing facing the grasshopper problem almost every year The formation courses to be organized for the insect/it checks plague especially with the reference to the grasshopper vii Disease problem IDM Zero Full -Not conscious of the treatment of seed and check measures disease -Nevertheless, a good number of farmers retrieved the event of Explosion in some fields -The orientation that induces programs in the matter of the complex of disease of the harvest -The importance of sows the treatment and the method -The application of chemical products to check the disease viii Yield 3-4 quintal/kanal 1.3-1.6quintal/kanal Partial The lack of general conscience, inducing and the availability of data of the technology of production of recommended rice of the state Organize the conscience camps of the and the formation programs 2 Corn I variety Mansar, C-6, C-8 Local (Francece) Full -Unawareness -Showing of the preferences for the growing white corn for their food The introduction and variety popularization recommended by the programs of trainings and demonstration II Sow the rate 1 kg/kanal to sow line and 1.5kg/kanal for the transmission 4-5 kg/kanal by broadcasted only Partial -To guarantee the good population of plant -More intensive in manpower The demonstration on the advantage of line that sows the culture that is so feasible for intercropping practices in the sector iii Fertilizer 7 urede of kg, 6.5 DAP of kg, 2.5 BROOMS of kg and 1 kg ZnSo4/kanal Apply only the urede @ 2 kg/kanal to the high knee climbs Partial Unawareness and non-availability of the fertilizers The training on the fertilizer usage for the growth and the development of iv L'insecte/peste/les Diseases The check of cut worm, the stem punch of corn and the sheath rusts Sow more seed than the rate of recommended seed Full Do not know type and usage of chemical products The training on the direction/it checks insect/the plague/diseases v Yield 2.5-3 q kanal 1-1.2 q kanal Partial Grow local cultivars only and no plague check The demonstration with the training on the variety of improved corn
3. Wheat I variety O'CLOCK 240 Local Full -Unawareness
The introduction and variety popularization recommended by the programs of trainings and demonstration II Rate of seed and method 5-6 kg/kanal in the line that sows 8-10 kg/kanal by broadcasted only Partial -To guarantee the good population of plant - The Lack of seed of quality - No exercise manual of seed The demonstration on the advantage of line that sows the culture. iii Sow the treatment Carboxin @ of seed Zero Full -Unawareness The training with the demonstration on the Importance of sows the treatment iv Yield 30-40 q/hectares 10-12 q/hectares partial - THE Usage of local seed - The Not popular harvest but growing generally for the feed. -Wheat popularization as the harvest of food and his health in the system of rice wheat. The demonstration also should be directed on the system. - THE Introduction of harvests of feed (the Oat, berseem etc.)
B) Horticulture The pear, the apricot, the apple of cold bottom in to drown, the olive and the lemon are grown in the sector. The pear and the apricot, ripens a months earlier that valley and extracted of higher returns to the planters. The walnut trees of the sectors are not to the brand because of the highest temperature to the maturity date. The olive of better quality is grown in the sector. The lemons are found to grow in the lower sectors but are mediocre quality. 1 Drown S. No Packets Recommended Exist (%) OF gap Reason for the gap The farmers proposed the strategy 1. Variety Hamdan, Sulaiman or the better clonal selections The origin of semis plants 100 Non-availability to plant equipment and unawareness To induce some local unemployed youth to establish the nursery. 2 Spacing out 8 x's 8 The non systematic plant of orchard 100 unawareness and the rippled earths - 3 Manure 20 kg/l' Tree Zero - unawareness - 4 Fertilizer Urede 3915G DAP 1085G WIPE 2490G zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 5 Direction of plague and disease The spray of insecticide and of fungicides Zero- but the weevil to drown some is the major problem. - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 6 Irrigation Demanded Zero ae" although enough water is available.
unawareness Need the conscience program 2. Pear 1. Variety Bartlet, Max Bartlet red, the pear of Chinese sand, Bartlet, William Bartlet 50 The lack of new introduction The introduction of high product of the colored varieties 2 Spacing out 6 x's 6 The non systematic plant of orchard 100 unawareness and the rippled earths - 3 Manure 20/Tree Zero - unawareness - 4 Fertilizer Urede 1065G DAP 650G WIPE 1500G Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 5 Direction of plague and disease The spray of insecticide and of fungicides Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 6 Irrigation Demanded Zero ae" although enough water is available.
unawareness Need the conscience program 3. Apricot
1. Variety Charmagz, Kaiser, soft Gilgiti, Amba, Quetta, Sukerpara Non identified varieties 50 The lack of new introduction The introduction of high product of the varieties 2 Spacing out 6 x6 The non systematic plant of orchard 100 unawareness and the rippled earths - 3 Manure 10/Tree Zero - unawareness - 4 Fertilizer Urede 850G DAP 325G WIPE 11250G Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 5 Direction of plague and disease The spray of insecticide and of fungicides Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 6 Irrigation Demanded Zero ae" although enough water is available.
unawareness Need the conscience program 4. Olive
1. Variety Leccino, Coratina, Pendolino Frontoio Ramya, Nikitshaya Leccino, Coratina, Pendolino Frontoio 50 The lack of lack of high producing oil of the varieties as Ramya, Nikitshaya The introduction of high oil produces varieties 2 Spacing out 6 x6 The non systematic plant of orchard 100 unawareness and the rippled earths - 3 Manure 20/Tree Zero - unawareness - 4 Fertilizer 1,2 kgN 0.80kgP2O 5 0.40 k2O Apply only N in the form of Urede 80 unawareness To need of the program of conscience 5 Direction of plague and disease The spray of insecticide and of fungicides Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 6 Irrigation Demanded Zero ae" although enough water is available.
unawareness Need the conscience program
There is a big wild vegetation of olive indian (Olea cuspidata) which Could be rejuvenated by the functioning of summit of high product of the varieties. The lemons grow in the lower sectors are mediocre quality and there is a good chance for the introduction of kinnow in the sector for the economical production. The varieties of Allison and Abbott of kiwifruit and of day bay of neuter straw also can be introduced for harvest diversification.
C) the Vegetables
S.non Packets Recommended Exist Ecart Reason for the gap The farmers proposed the strategy Kharief Vegetables 1. Kharif vegetables and varieties The cabbage cultures, cucurbits, Solaneaceous and the beans etc. With varieties to high different yield. grow only few vegetables choose as the curled cabbage, the cucumber, the numb one of bottle, the tomato of cold brinjal and the potatoes that use local seeds Partial - Unawareness to grow vegetables that use modern technologies - The Lack of high improve/producing varieties of seed of vegetable Create the conscience while organizing camps and programs of formation on the vegetables of Kharif 2. The high nursery of vegetables The bed and the open technologies of polyhouse and Hot Grow the nursery in the open beds. Partial - Unawareness and the lack of knowledge of the other methods
Organize programs of formation for the direction of nursery of vegetable 3. The level of Culture Domestic and commercial Grow only for the goals Domesticate in their backyards Partial - Unawareness to grow of the vegetables for the uniform consumption and the commercial value Popularize the kitchen gardening for the uniform provision of fresh vegetables to the house. 4. Plant the protection Sow the treatment and IPM Do not undertake the measure of protection of plant and the problems of face of towards of cut, the punches and cracks in cold. Full - The Lack of knowledge and of method to check the disease of vegetable and the plagues The training with the demonstration on IPM in the vegetables 5. The usage of FYM and of Fertilizer The usage of sufficient quantity of well decomposed FYM and the stable dose of fertilizer The usage only FYM and a small quantity of urede partial - The Lack of knowledge and non-availability of in placement. Organize a formation program on Nutritious Direction Integrated in vegetales Rabi Vegetables 1. Rabi vegetables and varieties The root, luxurious, the vegetables of bulbs and tubercule Grow chose only vegetables as the curled Cabbage, the turnip and the radish Partial - Generally ignorant of the vegetables of Rabi and vegetables roots that growing not well The conscience with the formation program on the culture of vegetables of Rabi 2. The culture level Domestic and commercial Grow only for the goals Domesticate in their backyards Partial - Unawareness to grow of the vegetables for the uniform consumption and the commercial value Popularize the kitchen gardening for the uniform provision of fresh vegetables to the house. 3. Post the Harvest The various technologies of harvest of post for the vegetables Follow the only natural sun that dry of the methods in some vegetables Partial - The Lack of knowledge of the various technologies of harvest of post The formation programs related to post the harvest technologies could be organized.
D) the Cattle (the Cattle, the sheep, the goat and the poultry)
S.non Item Recommended Exist Ecart Reason for the gap The farmers proposed the strategy 1. Type 1. Cattle
2. The sheep &the amplifier; the Goat
hybrid
hybrid
Local and cross
Local and cross
Partial
Partial
- The Lack of opportunities of HAVE and the repeated heat in most of the animals The lack of student of the rams
Crossing intensification the program
The training program on to organize the sheep viables and goat unities 2 Nourish The feed and the concentrated one ration Especially the Feed Partial unawareness of the plan of nutrition -Inducing on to nourish plan of animals 3. Health Uniform Dosing and vaccination Zero Full The lack of knowledge of the animal diseases and their check The training program on Direction of eminent diseases as FMD in the cattle, the foot rots and skins problems in the sheep. 4. Milk yield 10-15 liters/the day/intimidate 3-5 liters/the day/intimidate Partial local types and direction The conscience camp on the Scientific animal that student for the highest yields and the high returns. 5. Poultry 1. Type
2. Nourish
3. Health
4. General direction
Broilar (COBB), Vanraja
The ration of concentrated stable recommended one as by the age and types
Uniform Dosing and vaccination
The scientific recommended practices
Local
Especially the nutrition on the domestic losses
Zero
The practicing native methods (the poultry of Backyard)
Full
Full
Full
Partial
Unawareness and NON-AVAILABILITY of germplasm
The lack of knowledge to nourish stable and their preparation
The lack of knowledge of the diseases of poultry and their check
Commercial unities of poultry are costly and risky
The introduction of new types as Vanraja etc.
The training program on Poultry nourishes and nourish the plan
The training program on Direction of eminent diseases as ranikhet and cocidiosis etc.
Popularize the poultry by the establishment of unities of demonstration.
E) the science of House
The analysis of data of investigation reveals some useful results that relate to demographic statistics wise sex, the economical social conditions, the income source, the trade statute, educational alphabetizing, the health conditions, living of the norms, the agricultural statute, the practices horticoles, the veterinary services, etc.
The statute of health of women and the available opportunities
The women during the house maison-a -l'enquaate expressed that they cannot take advantage the opportunities of health in the sector and must cover a long distance at the time of urgency, to Baramulla or to Srinagar. More, it was observed that the women above 30 major years principally was illiterate and only a small not one should write them their names. The women were not equipped with health information secured, even they were not conscious of him plan of correct immunization for their children. No professional assistance was available in the sector to facilitate deliveries of the pregnant women. They were so ignorant of the measures of limitation of birth and the importance of well stable system during pregnancy and lactation. The women above 45 major years suffered from the bone and common pain principally. Nevertheless, weakens it and the under nutrition were common among the adolescent girls. What's more, some women are themselves complaints also of the problems of stomach. The percentage of ordinarily found diseases among the slicees of acts different of the women in the town of Isham are as data.
The statute of health of women in Isham (the percentage of found disorders)
S.non Health condition The female ones (the age groups) 5-20 years 20-35 years Above 35 1 Normal health 50 35 40 2 Under nutrition and weakens 45 40 24 3 Orthopedic problem 2 25 65 4 Stomach problem - 25 30
Statute of health and the medical Etablissements Taken advantage by the pregnant women
The investigation data reveal that only 15-20% of pregnant women looks for the medical examination of the hospitals of neighborhood, localized to a long distance of the sector. The method of reminder of food 24 hours also was used for knowledge of the taken nutritious of the women and it was found the taken food of these women was too low as recommended benefits for the condition., thus to take to the various disorders among them. An analysis of the data revealed that the pregnant women and produce milk were malnourished, anemic and suffered from the various diseases the crazy due systems
The analysis of the taken principal nutritious of the mothers that produce milk (Adult moderate worker)
S.non To produce milk of the mothers Computer-assisted K.enseignement The proteins (gms) Calcium (mg) 1 Recommended benefits/day 2725 70 1000 2 The taken nutritious/the day 1945 43 685 3 Found/day of gap -780 -27 -315
The spectacles of analysis of data that the system take everyday by a pregnant woman is less in the essential nutriments i.e.780 K.CALORIES of the moisturize carbon and the fatty, 27 grams of proteins and 315 Calcium of mg. Which in the bend had for result the event of various lacks among them and the incidences of weakens and of under nutrition increase the day by the day in the sector. These taken ones reduce were found to be because of the poor selection of food commodities on the basis of daily routine and the moved methods of cooks used.
Education opportunities
The sector has a Govt. the secondary school constructs by army of the air India and has a primary school. All the 24 visited families, sent their children without taking sex into account to the school. Nevertheless, it was found that the girls interrupt of ordinary their studies after the Matric because of the unavailability of the highest secondary school in the sector and the families does not prefer to send their sections to the moved away from the places for the amplest studies. What's more, a private school was so present in the sector. The people complained as as they do not obtain the private opportunities of tuition for their children.
S'edchauffer itself Town
The supple town of pad of Boniyar is one of the representative towns for the position agro-edcologique moderate of the region to an altitude of 1800 meters. The town is spread out over a sector of 394 hectares of earth and 170 hectares are under the different harvests of which one ones only 86 hectares facilitated it irrigation. The major source of irrigation is Supple Nala that flows by the town, otherwise the harvests and the remaining sectors are nourished rain. Because of the land and the difficult lack of opportunities of cropping mono irrigation especially is followed. Especially Corn is grown as the harvest of major food and as the paddy rarely is grown. The town understands of Thirteen Patty (Hamlets) seven superior one (choolan, saranwala, bela, babagale, brren/gujjar, budrali, wrap) and six (haran, shahkoot, jamia masjid, kharhar, jungri, suchin) in the lower parties of the Supple one. The number of households is 480 with a total population of 3277 persons that understand of 1830 males and 1447 female ones. 835 persons were classified as the plan tribes. The family size spreads of 4-12 members by the household.
The resource (Income groups)
S. No The income group (the Rupees/Months) Not of Families Percentage 1 Until 8000 411 85.63 2 8001-12000 23 4.79 3 More than 12000 46 9.58
Total 480 100 0.00
Wealth classification
S.non Category Not of Families Percentage 1 Poor of resource 398 82.92 2 Rich in resource 82 17.08
Total 480 100 0.00
Exist Business of Farming
S. No Business Household No Percentage Farming 412 85.83 Horticulture 91 18.96 Elevage 137 28.54 Sheep agronomy 63 13.13 The goat Eleve 91 18.96 The poultry Keeps 274 57.08 The bee Keeps 46 9.58 Mushroom 48 10.00
Exist System of Farming
S. No Exist the system of Farming Household No Percentage 1. Farming + the Elevage + The agronomy of sheep/the Goat Eleve 423 88.1 2. Farming + Horticulture + The poultry Keeps 57 11.9
Total 480 100%
The contribution of different businesses (%)
AES-2 Towns- s'Echauffe itself, the Altitude- 1800M amsl, Tehsil- Uri, S. No The item of packet Practice recommended Current practices The gap in the adoption The specific reason for the gap The farmers proposed the extension strategies One) Farming 1 Corn I variety C-15 Local (Doubles &the amplifier; Tramen) Full -Unawareness -Showing of the preferences for the growing white corn for their food The introduction and variety popularization recommended by the programs of trainings and demonstration II Sow the rate 1 kg/kanal to sow line and 1.5kg/kanal for the transmission 5-6 kg/kanal by broadcasted only Partial -To guarantee the good population of plant -More intensive in manpower The demonstration on the advantage of line that sows the culture that is so feasible for intercropping practices in the sector iii Fertilizer 7 urede of kg, 6.5 DAP of kg, 2.5 BROOMS of kg and 1 kg ZnSo4/kanal Apply only the urede @ 3 kg/kanal to the high knee climbs and DAP @ as basal Partial Unawareness and non-availability of the fertilizers The training on the fertilizer usage for the growth and the development of iv The insect/the plague/the Diseases The check of cut worm, the stem punch of corn and the sheath rusts Sow more seed than the rate of recommended seed Full Do not know type and usage of chemical products The training on the direction/it checks insect/the plague/diseases v Yield 2.5-3 q kanal 2-2.2 q/kanal under irrigated and 0,7-1.0 q/kanal under unirrigated Partial Grow local cultivars only and no plague check, Damage by the bear and the monkeys The demonstration with the training on the variety of improved corn 2. Rajmash I variety Abundant, the Master, the prodigy of Kentucky Local (lal choti and safed) Full -Unawareness
The introduction and variety popularization recommended by the programs of trainings and demonstration II Sow the rate The shrub type- 4-5kg, center type- 1,2-1.5 kg/kanal in the line that sows 250g/kanal in intercrop and for the harvest only by broadcasting Partial -More intensive in manpower -Unawareness The demonstration on the advantage of line that sows the culture that is so feasible for intercropping practices in the sector
B) Horticulture
Only some to drown is grown in these sectors and has the due voucher of quality to lower the time temperature in time of maturity date and plays the major role in the economy of the farmer of these sectors. Although the apple and the pear can grow with success but there can be the marketing problem because of the poor opportunities of transportation.
S.non Packets Recommended Exist (%) OF gap Reason for the gap The farmers proposed the strategy 1. Drown 1. Variety Hamdan, Sulaiman or the better clonal selections The origin of semis plants 100 Non-availability to plant equipment and unawareness To induce some local unemployed youth to establish the nursery. 2 Spacing out 8 x8 The non systematic plant of orchard 100 unawareness and the rippled earths - 3 Manure 20 kg/l' Tree Zero - unawareness - 4 Fertilizer Urede 3915G DAP 1085G WIPE 2490G Zero - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 5 Direction of plague and disease The spray of insecticide and of fungicides Zero- but the weevil to drown some is the major problem. - unawareness To need of the program of conscience 6 Irrigation Demanded Zero ae" although enough water is available. - unawareness Need the conscience program
C) the Vegetables
S.non Packets Recommended Exist Ecart Reason for the gap The farmers proposed the strategy Kharief Vegetables 1. Kharif vegetables and varieties The cabbage cultures, cucurbits, Solaneaceous and the beans etc. With varieties to high different yield. grow only few vegetables choose as the curled cabbage, the cucumber, the numb one of bottle, the tomato of cold brinjal and the potatoes that use local seeds Partial - Unawareness to grow vegetables that use modern technologies - The Lack of high improve/producing varieties of seed of vegetable
Create the conscience while organizing camps and programs of formation on the vegetables of Kharif 2. The high nursery of vegetables The bed and the open technologies of polyhouse and Hot Grow the nursery in the open beds. Partial - Unawareness and the lack of knowledge of the other methods
Organize programs of formation for the direction of nursery of vegetable 3. The level of Culture Domestic and commercial Grow only for the goals Domesticate in their backyards Partial - Unawareness to grow of the vegetables for the uniform consumption and the commercial value Popularize the kitchen gardening for the uniform provision of fresh vegetables to the house. 4. Plant the protection Sow the treatment and IPM Do not undertake the measure of protection of plant and the problems of face of towards of cut, the punches and cracks in cold. Full - The Lack of knowledge and of method to check the disease of vegetable and the plagues The training with the demonstration on IPM in the vegetables 5. The usage of FYM and of Fertilizer The usage of sufficient quantity of well decomposed FYM and the stable dose of fertilizer The usage only FYM and a small quantity of urede partial - The Lack of knowledge and non-availability of in placement. Organize a formation program on Nutritious Direction Integrated in vegetales Rabi Vegetables 1. Rabi vegetables and varieties The root, luxurious, the vegetables of bulbs and tubercule Grow chose only vegetables as the curled Cabbage, the turnip and the radish Partial - Generally ignorant of the vegetables of Rabi and vegetables roots that growing not well The conscience with the formation program on the culture of vegetables of Rabi 2. The culture level Domestic and commercial Grow only for the goals Domesticate in their backyards Partial - Unawareness to grow of the vegetables for the uniform consumption and the commercial value - The production of Seed of potato can be practiced Popularize the kitchen gardening for the uniform provision of fresh vegetables to the house. The diversification by the production of commercial seed can be shown on the potato. 3. Post the Harvest The various technologies of harvest of post for the vegetables Follow the only natural sun that dry of the methods in some vegetables Partial - The Lack of knowledge of the various technologies of harvest of post The formation programs related to post the harvest technologies could be organized.
D) the science of House
The statute of health of women and of available opportunities The norm of health of the population as a body was not satisfactory and the women and the children the were more affected because of the various disorders and the various lacks. The women were not equipped with health information secured, even they were not conscious of the plan of correct immunization for their children. There was a center of primary health but no professional assistance was available in the sector to facilitate deliveries of the pregnant women and they must go to the distant places for the urgency checks it medical. What's more, the nutritious conscience among the women was so weak. They did not have knowledge as for the selection of the high nutritifment food commodities of value in the conditions physiologiques different. More, the kitchen practices used by were them as false as that had had for result the loss of the essential nutriments. The lacks ordinarily found among the women of the Supple one are weakens it, the under nutrition and the arthritis. They must complete the conscience as for the importance of well stable system in the normal and other conditions as the health norm damaged the day by the day in the sector. Educational statute
The sector had a secondary school, a high school and few primary schools. They had also an ease of movable schools in the sector. The rate of total alphabetizing was 60% and no sex prejuged was observed among the families to furnish education to their children. Nevertheless, again here the same problem of marginal one among the girls was found after the environment or the Matric because of non-availability of the provisions for the highest studies. Noorkah Town
The Noorkah of town of pad of Boniyar is one of the representative towns for under moderate ecological by agro it position of region of Uri and was used to direct PRA. The town is situated to an altitude of 1420M amsl on the hill of foot of mountainous range and is the opposed side of Chandenwari of town on the uri-baramulla the National road. The river Jhelum separates the two towns. The town is spread out over a sector of 65 hectares and irrigated by Nilossa- Noorkah and Noorkah koul general. Most of cropped it the sector is irrigated and facilitates the double that crops. The major harvests of Kharif are rice and corn while in the wheat of season of Rabi, the oat, Sarson and berseem are grown. The sector has a potential top for the vegetable culture. The pear and to drown it are the principal fruit of the sector. The town understands of four washers (the hamlets) to knowledge Khurmjar, Sadat mohalla, Khan mohalla and Ahnger mohalla. The total numbers of households are 300 with a population of 2450 persons that understand of 1300 males and 1150 female ones. The family size spreads of 4 ae" 12 members, nevertheless in few of the households forces it members of the family surpassed that 12 members. CommentsThere are no comments.Leave a Comment |
